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FDA Authorizes First At-Home Test for Chlamydia, Gonorrhea: What to Know

Female holding at-home STI test box
The FDA recently authorized a new at-home test for common sexually transmitted infections that can be purchased without a prescription. simonkr/Getty Images
  • The FDA has approved a new at-home test for two common sexually transmitted infections and a sexually transmitted disease.
  • The test for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis produces results in 30 minutes.
  • Experts say the kit allows people to test themselves for STDs in the privacy of their home.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved the first at-home test for three common sexually transmitted infections and diseases that can be purchased without a prescription.

The FDA marketing authorization has been granted to the Visby Medical Women’s Sexual Health Test for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis.

The test is designed for females with or without symptoms of these three infections. Results are delivered within 30 minutes.

Visby officials told Healthline they expect the new test to be available in a few months and will announce pricing then.

The Visby product is a single-use test that includes a collection kit (vaginal swab) and a powered testing device that communicates with the Visby Medical App. The app displays results when the test is complete.

FDA officials reported that in recent clinical studies the Visby at-home test correctly identified more than 98% of negative samples for the three STDs and more than 97% of positive samples.

The FDA reviewed the product under the agency’s De Novo premarket review pathway, which allows low-risk to moderate-risk devices to be approved quickly. This authorization also allows other devices to go through the FDA’s 510 (k) premarket notification process for quick approval by proving their similarity to the Visby product.

“This approval is not just a milestone for Visby Medical but marks a transformative moment in medical diagnostics,” said Adam de la Zerda, PhD, founder and chief executive officer of Visby Medical, in a press statement.

There are currently several at-home test kits available for use by men and women for syphilischlamydiagonorrhea, and trichomoniasis.

These tests are specific to these individual infections and involve collecting blood and/or urine samples. The products include the Visby Medical Sexual Health Test, which lacks the app that the new product contains.

At-home testing for STIs can improve treatment

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that there were 2.2 million cases of chlamydia and gonorrhea diagnosed in the United States in 2023.

The agency also noted that there were 2.6 million confirmed U.S. cases of trichomoniasis that year.

In its annual surveillance report released last year, the CDC also reported there were more than 200,000 cases of syphilis diagnosed in the U.S. in 2022, the highest number since 1950.

Experts say at-home tests are important because people with STIs need to seek medical treatment quickly. Antibiotics are effective in treating these infections, but untreated STIs may lead to serious health issues, including infertility.

They add that test accuracy is also important because a false negative result can delay treatment. A false positive result can lead to unnecessary treatments and a potential delay in correctly diagnosing another infection or disease.

“Home tests can give people information about their health from the privacy of their home. This can be particularly important for sexual health tests for which patients may experience fear or anxiety, possibly resulting in delayed diagnosis or treatment,” said Courtney Lias, PhD, the director of the Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Devices in the FDA’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health, in an FDA press release.

“Expanding access to tests for sexually transmitted infections is an important step toward earlier and increased diagnosis, which can result in increased treatment and reduced spread of infection.”

Lisa Valle, DO, OB-GYN and medical director of Oasis Women’s Sexual Function Center in Santa Monica, CA, said at-home kits have the ability to increase the number of people who test for STDs.

“More people are apt to test in the privacy of their homes,” Valle told Healthline.

She noted that increased testing can help reduce the spread of STDs and lead to earlier treatments.

She does caution, however, that a person can receive a positive result while alone in their home without anybody to talk to or counsel them.

“There are medical and emotional issues they could be dealing with without the help of a healthcare professional,” she said.

Valle added that there are potential issues for someone who receives a negative test result at home. They can be satisfied there isn’t anything wrong with them despite having symptoms and not getting tested for other illnesses or conditions.

What to know about chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis

sexually transmitted infection (STI) is when a bacteria, virus, or parasite attacks the body. These infections, many times, don’t have symptoms.

Some — but not all — STIs can develop into a sexually transmitted disease (STD). These diseases do produce symptoms in many people.

All can be diagnosed with basic tests and treated with antibiotics.

Chlamydia is usually transmitted through oral, vaginal, or anal sex without a condom or other barrier protection.

Some people who have chlamydia don’t have symptoms. When symptoms do appear, they can include:

  • burning sensation during urination
  • foul-smelling abnormal discharge from the vagina or penis
  • unusual sores on or around the genitals
  • rectal pain

Gonorrhea can affect anybody, but it is most common among teens and young adults between the ages of 15 and 24.

It is also transmitted through oral, vaginal, and anal unprotected sex.

Symptoms usually appear 2 to 30 days after exposure. They include:

  • discoloration and swelling at the penis opening
  • testicular swelling and pain
  • watery, creamy, or green discharge from the vagina
  • pain or burning while urinating

Trichomoniasis causes symptoms in only about 30% of people with the disease.

When symptoms do appear, they include:

  • vaginal discharge that is watery, creamy, or green
  • vaginal spotting or bleeding
  • frequent urination

Valle said it is that important people get tested either at home or in a medical facility if they develop these symptoms.

She recommends that people get tested before and after they get involved with a new romantic partner.

“Overall, testing does help decrease the spread of these diseases,” she said.

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How SNL Comedian Kenan Thompson Manages GERD Symptoms After Diagnosis

Kenan Thompson
For the first time, comedian Kenan Thompson talks about living with GERD and shares that the digestive condition is “no joke.” Nathan Congleton/NBC via Getty Images
  • SNL’s Kenan Thompson opens up about living with GERD for the first time.
  • The beloved actor and comedian says the digestive condition is no joke.
  • After years of experiencing uncomfortable symptoms, Thompson found relief with medication.

As the longest-running cast member of the iconic variety show “Saturday Night Live,” Kenan Thompson knows how to make audiences laugh.

Now, for the first time, the actor and comedian is putting jokes aside to talk about something serious: gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a digestive condition in which stomach contents are pushed back into the esophagus. 

GERD can cause heartburn, frequent burping, discomfort, trouble swallowing, and other uncomfortable symptoms.

Thompson is one of about 60 million Americans living with this chronic condition.

“GERD is no joke. It’s uncomfortable,” Thompson told Healthline.

GERD symptoms are ‘no joke’

In his mid-30s, Thompson began experiencing intense heartburn that interfered with his sleep.

“It’s definitely given me restless rights, which is not helpful when you’re trying to perform and you’re already dealing with a lot of stress,” he said.

GERD has also impacted his vocal range during comedy skits.

“I’ve blown my voice out a lot easier than I thought I would just by singing a song or something and all the sudden I’m hoarse,” Thompson said.

Thompson said his symptoms were at their worst when his eating habits were at their worst. He pointed to soda and pizza as two culprits.

“I would have flareup moments and not really understand what was necessarily going on or just not putting two and two together that I was doing this to myself. I was kind of like ‘oh I guess that pizza was a little spicier than I recall or was paying attention to,’ not really kind of acknowledging my involvement in it,” he said.

In his early 40s, he was diagnosed with non-erosive GERD, which means the condition does not cause damage to the esophagus as it does with erosive GERD.

“GERD is diagnosed clinically by history with your physician,” Kavita Kongara, MD, gastroenterologist and chief of motility at Northside Hospital, told Healthline.

“If further testing is warranted, an upper endoscopy can determine the sub-type of GERD you may have, which includes non-erosive GERD, which impacts two out of three people, and erosive GERD.”

How is GERD managed?

After years of trying over-the-counter medication only to gain temporary relief, Thompson’s doctor prescribed him the medication Voquezna (vonoprazan).

“[Despite] using over-the-counter medications and prescription treatments like antacids, histamine-2 receptor antagonists, or proton pump inhibitors, some people with GERD continue to experience persistent, bothersome symptoms,” said Kongara.

So was the case for Thompson, who wanted a longer-term solution for his symptoms.

“It was almost like I couldn’t eat pizza without having a no-sleep night, and you can’t live like that. I got to eat my pizza; come on,” he said.

Today, his GERD is well-managed.

“I’m not so worried about those specific [food] triggers anymore,” he said. “I don’t eat them as often as I used to raise that acidic level [but] at the same time, I don’t necessarily worry if I do have an issue because now I have medicine so I know what to do and what not to do and if there is a slip up I have a safety net.”

To spread awareness about GERD, Thompson is sharing is story as part of the “GERD IS NO JOKE” campaign.

“If I can change one life, great, and if it’s more based on the following that I have, even better, but I definitely want to get the word out because if there are people that are suffering and they don’t have the information, it will definitely help me sleep at night to help another person,” he said.

Thompson also does not rule out the possibility of an SNL skit on GERD to gain more awareness about the condition.

“[Now] that I’m up on the radar talking about it… it might inspire a writer to write about it,” said Thompson. “You never know; I might just have to do the Weekend Update version of myself.”

Kenan Thompson cooking in kitchen
Image Courtesy of Phathom Pharmaceuticals

Best and worst foods for GERD

While clinical evidence is limited and sometimes inconsistent regarding the impact of foods on GERD, Anna Beery, registered dietitian nutritionist at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, told Healthline many people find that certain foods trigger symptoms.

Eliminating trigger foods can, therefore, help minimize symptoms. Examples of reflux trigger foods include:

Beery added that other foods to avoid eating frequently include red meat, fried foods, sweets, and fast food.

“A great way to figure out which foods can be triggering would be keeping a food journal,” she told Healthline. “Writing down foods, quantities, and symptoms can help determine which foods may be triggering. Documenting meal timing, stress, and sleeping habits can be helpful as well.”

Regarding what to eat, Beery cited research suggesting that a primarily plant-based diet may improve GERD symptoms.

“This is not necessarily a vegan or vegetarian diet. This is a diet that is focused on eating more fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains. Healthy, plant-based oils such as olive oil are recommended in moderation,” she said.

Because research also indicates that fiber may help decrease GERD symptoms, Beery suggested the Mediterranean diet.

“This diet is high in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, beans, nuts and seeds, olive oil, and seasoning with herbs and spices,” she said. “Each day, eat fruits and vegetables, whole grains and plant-based foods. Each week eat fish, poultry, beans, legumes, and eggs with [a] moderate amount of dairy.”

In addition to dietary modifications, Beery said eating five to six smaller meals per day can be beneficial, and that the timing of meals matters, too.

“Lying down less than two hours after eating can increase stomach acid production,” she said. “Avoid eating the largest meal at the end of the day.”

Other lifestyle habits like sleeping in a proper position with the head of bed raised can decrease acid backflow.

“Better sleep in general, may decrease GERD,” said Beery.

Additionally, because obesity is linked to increased symptoms of GERD, she said maintaining a healthy weight and increasing physical activity can help manage symptoms.

Overall, managing GERD is personalized and there is no one-size-fits-all.

“GERD can be complex with trigger foods differing and symptoms varying from person-to-person,” Beery said.

How SNL Comedian Kenan Thompson Manages GERD Symptoms After Diagnosis Read More »

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Amy Schumer Says Mounjaro Improved Perimenopause Symptoms, Sex Drive

Amy Schumer
Amy Schumer said she quit Wegovy due to side effects like nausea but was “having a really good experience” with Mounjaro. John Nacion/Variety via Getty Images
  • Amy Schumer recently shared she had quit Wegovy due to side effects like nausea.
  • However, Schumer said she was “having a really good experience” with Mounjaro, such as improved menopause symptoms and libido.
  • Experts say it’s common for people to have side effects with GLP-1s.
  • If you can’t tolerate a GLP-1 drug, your doctor might recommend switching to a different weight loss medication.

Writer, actress, and stand-up comedian Amy Schumer recently took to Instagram to discuss her experiences with the GLP-1 drugs Wegovy (semaglutide) and Mounjaro (tirzepatide).

While appearing to be driving through stop-and-go traffic, which she noted at one point was “completely unsafe,” Schumer said she wanted to “keep it a hundred” with her fans regarding her weight-loss journey.

After quipping that she’s “your favorite comedian with no top lip,” the star revealed on March 21 that she had used Wegovy three years prior but had experienced intolerable side effects.

“I was like puking, I couldn’t handle it,” she related.

Schumer then went on to describe how she had more recently used the telehealth provider Midi Health to receive hormone treatment for perimenopause as well as being prescribed Mounjaro for weight loss.

The actress added this combination of medications was working well for her.

“My symptoms of being in perimenopause have disappeared. My hair is fuller, my skin is better, I have more energy,” said Schumer.

“I want to get down more,” she added, referring to the positive effect on her libido. “So, yeah, that’s been great. Mounjaro’s been great,” Schumer said.

She further explained to viewers that Mounjaro is generally covered by insurance unless you have a diagnosis of diabetes or “severe obesity, which most of the Internet thinks I have.”

Schumer then closed out the video by saying she is “having a really good experience” and “wanted to keep it real,” adding that she liked Midi Health so much that she decided to invest in the company.

Why did Schumer do better on Mounjaro than Wegovy?

Meghan Garcia-Webb, MD, obesity medicine doctor at Weight Medicine MD, told Healthline it’s not uncommon for people to have significant side effects from one GLP-1 medication but not another.

“It is hard to predict who will be able to tolerate them and who won’t,” she said, “although people who already struggle with gastrointestinal health issues may find these medications make them worse.”

Garcia-Webb added that clinically, she does find that people often have fewer side effects on Mounjaro than on Wegovy. However, she said some research suggests the side effect profiles are similar.

Novo Nordisk states that common side effects with Wegovy include:

  • nausea
  • diarrhea
  • vomiting
  • constipation
  • abdominal pain
  • upset stomach
  • headache
  • tiredness
  • dizziness
  • bloating
  • belching
  • low blood sugar (if you have type 2 diabetes)
  • gas
  • stomach flu
  • heartburn
  • runny nose or sore throat

On the other hand, Eli Lilly lists nausea, diarrhea, decreased appetite, vomiting, constipation, indigestion, and abdominal pain as Mounjaro’s most common side effects.

Garcia-Webb said it also depends on how long people are able to wait for side effects to subside.

“Oftentimes, side effects are worse in the beginning and when titrating up on doses but then taper off,” she said.

“So if people are able to stick with it, they may find their symptoms decrease over time.”

However, sometimes the side effects are so severe that some people can’t tolerate them long enough to see them lessen, she said. It seems Schumer may have had that experience with Wegovy.

Coping with side effects of GLP-1 drugs

In addition to gradually titrating up, clinicians have suggested other strategies to help patients stick with their medication until they adjust to the side effects.

In a July 2021 article published in Postgraduate Medicine, the authors stated that smaller, more frequent meals can help ease digestive woes while taking GLP-1 medications.

The authors wrote that avoiding fatty or spicy foods could help combat nausea. They noted that sufficient water and fiber intake could help mitigate constipation.

The article further emphasized the importance of educating people about the potential for side effects, which could help manage expectations and make it easier to continue the medication until side effects begin to ease up.

What if a weight loss drug isn’t working for you?

Trista Best, MPH, RDN, LD, a registered dietitian with Balance One Supplements, said that if people are having difficulty with a particular weight loss drug, several options can be tried.

“If a medication isn’t effective, options include adjusting the dosage, switching to a different weight loss drug, or exploring alternative treatments such as metabolic testing, personalized nutrition plans, or behavioral therapy,” Best told Healthline.

Best noted that doctors could also recommend other GLP-1 drugs such as liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda) or even explore weight loss drugs that work through different mechanisms like phentermine, bupropion, or naltrexone.

Garcia-Webb added, however, that these alternative medications may not be as effective as GLP-1s. “[But] for some people, especially those who can’t tolerate the GI side effects, they may be a better fit,” she said.

Garcia-Webb said it’s also important to define what people mean when they say that their medication isn’t working for them.

“If it’s a question of side effects, many times lowering the dose, titrating up very slowly, and adding medications to help with the side effects can help quite a lot,” she said.

What Schumer’s experience highlights about weight loss drugs

Schumer’s different experiences with Wegovy and Mounjaro highlight the individualized nature of weight loss medications.

While GLP-1 drugs can be effective, tolerance varies widely, and finding the right fit may require adjustments or alternative treatments.

For those struggling with side effects, strategies like gradual dose increases, dietary modifications, and patient education can help.

As the landscape of obesity treatment continues to evolve, Schumer’s candid discussion reminds us that weight loss journeys are personal and that keeping it real can help others navigate their own paths.

Amy Schumer Says Mounjaro Improved Perimenopause Symptoms, Sex Drive Read More »

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‘Hunger Games’ Star Elizabeth Banks on Perimenopause and Thriving in Your 50s

Elizabeth Banks
“Hunger Games” star Elizabeth Banks shares her journey with healthy aging and how she’s navigated shingles and perimenopause. Image by Kyle Topping for Pfizer
  • Actor, director, and producer Elizabeth Banks shares how she prioritizes her health in her 50s.
  • The “Hunger Games” actress is spreading awareness about preventing respiratory conditions like RSV, flu, and pneumococcal pneumonia.
  • Banks shares her journey with healthy aging and how she’s navigated shingles and perimenopause.

Known for her iconic role in the “Hunger Games” franchise and Emmy-nominated part in “30 Rock,” actress Elizabeth Banks knows how to captivate an audience.

At 51, she’s using her platform to connect with Gen Xers about living healthily into their 50s.

A few years ago, before she turned 50, Banks contracted shingles, a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which also causes chickenpox. Shingles typically cause a painful, blistering rash.

“I was misdiagnosed at first because I was a little young to be getting shingles, or so I was told. My symptoms included the classic stuff like a one-sided rash and tingling at the top of my head. I couldn’t sleep and experienced other symptoms, including a burning sensation,” Banks told Healthline.

Shingles was the only medical issue that ever resulted in Banks missing work.

“Suddenly, I felt a little bit my age, and my sense of invincibility was shattered. I felt I needed to take better care of myself in all aspects,” said Banks.

“Shingles is often brought on by stress, and I felt like my body was less able to handle stress, which I’ve lived with forever. I like being stressed out. I like doing a lot of things. And suddenly, I felt like, ‘Oh, I must check myself and look after myself better.’”

She learned that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends the shingles vaccine for those 50 and older.

“There is a shingles-specific vaccine that is offered when you turn 50, or after you turn 19 if you are immunocompromised. It’s important to vaccinate against shingles to keep you safe and healthy,” Jen Brull, MD, president of the Board of Directors at the American Academy of Family Physicians, told Healthline.

While Banks said she always follows her doctor’s recommendations for vaccinations, she has become more diligent about staying up to date on vaccinations, including the flu shot, since experiencing shingles.

She recently partnered with Pfizer to spread awareness about respiratory vaccinations for flu, COVID-19, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and pneumococcal pneumonia. Visitors to VaxAssist.com can schedule a vaccination appointment and learn more about each vaccine.

“Staying on top of preventive health as we age is critical — it can make the difference between catching something early or dealing with a challenging diagnosis later in life once a condition has progressed,” said Brull.

Brull noted preventive services include vaccinations, cancer screenings like mammograms and colonoscopies, bloodwork, annual wellness exams and tests, and guidance on lifestyle factors like nutrition, exercise, and mental healthcare. 

“No matter your age, having a baseline is important. Think of all the things that happen when you get a regular checkup — that’s preventive care,” Brull said.

Healthline recently spoke with Banks to learn more about the importance of midlife vaccinations and how she prioritizes her health in her 50s.

This interview has been edited and condensed for clarity and length.

What should Gen Xers know about prioritizing their health?

Banks: I think Gen X is in a precarious spot because we have more access to information about our health and longevity than ever before, but we are also dealing with a lot.

For many of us, we’ve got young kids or teenagers in the house. We’ve got aging parents that we’re dealing with. We’ve got jobs which we’ve worked hard for. I feel like all those stress levels can often make our health not a priority because we have so much else going on.

My real advice is just a reminder to Gen X to look out for themselves too and take care of their health so that they can be there for their families, young and old, and continue excelling in their careers without getting sick.

How have you taken care of your health in your 50s?

Banks: I started by looking at my daily habits, particularly my diet and sleep. I’m also experiencing perimenopause, which all Gen X women are going through or are going to go through. That has brought changes in my body that I have to pay attention to.

I do a better job with my diet. I do a better job with exercise. I do a better job prioritizing walking. I do a better job getting enough sleep and lowering stress.

On top of that, I am getting vaccinated and keeping up with preventative health measures. I get my mammograms and my colonoscopies, all the fun stuff.

I came to realize that when you’re 50 or older, you’re more than six times greater risk of contracting pneumococcal pneumonia. Knowing that made me realize there’s a real midlife moment where we have to start paying a little bit better attention so that we can be around as long as possible.

How do you feel about experiencing perimenopause?

Banks: Perimenopause is happening to me, and menopause is just around the corner. I wish it was coming sooner, to be honest. I’d like to be through this patch of it.

I found that I had to pay closer attention to minor changes. I didn’t feel like myself, and so it was a bit of a wake-up call.

There will be some physical changes happening, and you’re not going to be the same. I ask, “What does that look like going forward?” I loved the opportunity it gave me to analyze my life and prioritize my health.

What to know about menopause

Menopause is a phase in which menstruation is absent for 12 months. The average age of onset for females is in the early 50s, though it can occur earlier or later.

“Menopause is a gradual process that can take several years and can have physical and emotional impacts,” said Brull.

Perimenopause, meanwhile, is a transitory phase before menopause that can last for a decade or more. This phase is typically when the classic menopausal symptoms begin.

Brull said healthy habits that can help women through the process include:

  • moving your body regularly
  • eating a healthy diet
  • avoiding alcohol
  • staying up to date on vaccinations and preventive care

“Some people find that cutting back on alcohol and caffeine helps manage the sleep changes that come with menopause. Others find that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is the best way to manage their symptoms,” said Brull.

“There is no one-size-fits-all approach, but keeping healthy habits [is] a great way to ensure you’re doing what is in your control to stay well.”

If you notice that your periods become less regular, you feel more tired, experience hot flashes, or feel pain during intercourse, reach out to your doctor.

In addition to medical care, Brull said hearing other women’s experiences like Banks’ and maintaining a strong social community during menopause is impactful.  

“Identifying others in your life who have gone through menopause or are currently experiencing it can help make the experience less isolating,” she said. “If needed, your family doctor can help you find an online or local support group to join.”

‘Hunger Games’ Star Elizabeth Banks on Perimenopause and Thriving in Your 50s Read More »

Weekend Warriors Reap Same Health Benefits As Those Who Exercise Daily

Older couple mountain biking in the mountains
Research increasingly shows it’s the volume of exercise, not the pattern, that determines the health benefits. Halfpoint Images/Getty Images
  • New research shows that weekend warriors, people who exercise just one or two days per week, have a lower risk of death than regular exercisers.
  • Prior studies have also shown that weekend warriors achieve similar benefits to heart and brain health.
  • Experts agree that when you exercise each week matters less than making sure you get enough.

A growing body of evidence shows that “weekend warriors” — people who concentrate their exercise into one or two days per week — experience the same health benefits as daily exercisers.

Physical activity guidelines for adults recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise each week. While conventional wisdom suggests spreading this activity throughout the week, this approach doesn’t suit everyone’s lifestyle.

Enter the weekend warriors who hit their exercise goals in one or two days, typically on weekends. This consolidated approach to exercise has raised questions about its effects on health and longevity.

However, research increasingly demonstrates it’s the volume of exercise (hitting that minimum of 150 minutes), not the pattern, that determines the benefits.

Prior studies have linked weekend warrior workouts with comparable brain health and cardiovascular benefits as regular exercisers.

A new study published April 2 in the Journal of the American Heart Association (JAHA) provides substantial evidence supporting this approach.

The results show that compared to physically inactive individuals (those not meeting minimum recommended exercise guidelines), weekend warriors experienced mortality benefits comparable to those who exercised regularly throughout the week.

Both weekend warriors and regularly active individuals showed significantly lower risks of death from all causes, including cardiovascular disease and cancer. Notably, this research marks the first analysis to examine the relationship between physical activity patterns measured by fitness trackers and mortality outcomes.

Brad Donohue, PhD, a professor of psychology and creator of The Optimum Performance Program in Sports (TOPPS) at the University of Nevada Las Vegas, told Healthline the findings were “some of the best evidence we have seen so far” to support the weekend warrior exercise pattern. Donohue wasn’t involved in the study.

Weekend warriors have 26% lower risk of all-cause mortality

Researchers analyzed health and exercise data from more than 93,000 participants in the UK Biobank, a comprehensive biomedical database, to investigate potential associations between exercise patterns and mortality risk.

The study cohort was predominantly white (97%) with an average age of 62 years old; women comprised slightly more than half (56%) of participants.

To be included in the study, participants needed a complete seven-day record of physical activity captured by wearable fitness trackers — a method that typically provides more reliable data than self-reported exercise habits.

The trackers, which utilized machine learning, could detect and classify various physical activities, from bicycling to dancing.

Participants were then divided into three distinct groups based on their activity levels:

  • Active regular — people who hit the minimum recommended 150 minutes of weekly physical activity throughout the week.
  • Weekend warriors — people who hit the minimum recommended 150 minutes of weekly physical activity in one or two days.
  • Inactive — people who did not hit the minimum recommended 150 minutes of weekly physical activity.

Over roughly eight years of follow up, both active groups experienced significantly less mortality risk than sedentary participants. 

“These findings send an important message that all movement counts. Many people struggle to fit in daily exercise during the work week, but this research shows that even if you can only be active on the weekends, you can still gain meaningful health benefits,” said Keith Diaz, PhD, an associate professor of behavioral medicine at Columbia University Medical Center and member of the AHA’s Physical Activity Science Committee, not involved in the study, told Healthline.

When compared to the inactive group, people who exercised throughout the week had a lower risk of death from all causes (26% lower), cardiovascular disease (24% lower), and cancer (13% lower).

Surprisingly, the protective benefits were even greater among the weekend warrior group — a result the study authors had not anticipated.

Weekend warriors had a 32% lower risk of death from all causes, a 31% lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease, and a 21% lower risk of death from cancer. 

However, there was no significant difference in risk when comparing both active groups.

“Neither approach was superior to the other. So, if you’re already active during the week, there’s no need to switch to a weekend-only routine. What matters most is meeting the recommended amount of physical activity in a way that fits your lifestyle,” said Diaz.

How to become a weekend warrior

Donohue told Healthline that the latest research on weekend warriors is “inspiring”, as it could encourage more people who might otherwise struggle to find time for exercise during the week.

One of the clear messages about the weekend warrior phenomenon is that everyone’s lifestyle may vary, so finding a personal strategy to meet minimum physical activity goals is essential.

“Weekend warrior workouts can take many forms. The best ones are those you enjoy and can stick with. For beginners or those returning to working out, something as simple as a long walk, leisurely bike ride, going for a hike at a local park, or doing some yard work or gardening can provide health benefits,” said Diaz.

Other options for individuals with higher fitness levels include:

  • running
  • pickup basketball
  • amateur sports leagues
  • fitness classes

Consistency is key, though, just like anything else. Donohue pointed out that one of the biggest motivators for fitness is social connection.

“If you want to increase the likelihood that you’re going to maintain regular exercise, establish a relationship with someone who is going to do it with you,” he said.

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